POLLUTION

Pollution is an issue of concern in the modern world that we live in today. There are many types of pollution, namely air, water and noise. Pollution in our environment will undoubtedly affect our quality of life. Our naturally beautiful world becoming ugly because it is suffering from the effects of environmental pollution. Pollution can also cause various health problems and other negative effects.

Air pollution is caused by the emission of toxic gases from vehicles, factories and open burning. Nowadays, there are more and more vehicles on the road as society gets more affluent. More and more people strive to have a better quality of life by having the convenience of driving to their destinations instead of taking public transportation. Automobiles provides transport to millions people around the world to enable them to travel to their workplace, school and other places, therefore, the air around us is getting more polluted by the carbon dioxide that is emitted. Carbon monoxide is another type of gas which harmful to the environment as it can cause the reduction of oxygen in the bloodstream.

Another example of contributor to the air pollution is the manufacturing factories. The manufacturing of products in factories to meet the growing demand of society is also causing air pollution. Factories release toxic gases to the environment. Some factories also use coal to generate heat and energy. As a result from the burning of coal, carbon dioxide is released into the environment.

            Besides factories, many people are still practising open burning as a way of disposing their household wastes. Although burning our household wastes is a convenient way of getting rid of our rubbish, it is harmful to the environment as it contributes to the worsening of the air quality. As a result, air pollution causes people to suffer from health problems such as chest pain and asthma. In extreme cases, people can contract lung cancer.

            Water pollution is also a problem that we are currently facing. The marine life is the first to suffer from water pollution as they depend on the nutrients in the water to survive. As a result, we are robbed of beautiful sea corals and unique species of fishes. Besides ruining our marine heritage, the disappearance of marine life will affect the livelihood of fishermen, not to mention our source of food. Water pollution is caused by harmful waster from industries, farms and sewerage systems which are dumped into our sources of water such as rivers and lakes. This irresponsible act contaminates our drinking water and can cause serious health problems and can even culminate in death.

            Noise pollution is another form of pollution. Noise from heavy machinery and vehicles can cause hearing problems and in extreme cases, deafness. As there is growing number of vehicles on the road, we are exposed to noise pollution every day. The government in advanced countries encourage their citizens to take the public buses and trains by providing an affordable and efficient transportation system. This effort discourages people from driving their private vehicles and consequently reduces the number of vehicles on the road.

            We must work together to reduce pollution so that the future generations can live in a healthy, unpolluted environment. As the saying goes, precaution is better than cure. Lets hands on hands together by recycle and conserve the world for the better future.

The Advantage Of Raisins

The health benefits of raisins include relief from constipation, acidosis, anemia, fever, and sexual dysfunction. Raisins have also been known to help in attempts to gain weight in a healthy way, as well as its positive impact on eye health, dental care, and bone quality.

Raisins are irreplaceable as a healthy member of the dry fruits category. These golden, green or black delicacies are favorites of almost everyone, particularly children. Raisins are widely used in cultural cooking around the world (especially in desserts), and are also added to health tonics, snacks and compact, high-energy food supplements for mountaineers, backpackers, and campers.

Raisins are obtained by drying grapes, either in the sun or in driers, which turns the grapes into golden, green or black gems. In fact, when their nutritional values and health benefits are considered, “gems” is a rather accurate name for them!

Health Benefits of Raisins

Constipation: When ingested, raisins swell because the fiber present in has shrunk in a raisin’s dried form, but it will begin to swell due to the body’s natural fluids. This adds bulk to the food moving through the intestinal tract and ultimately helps provide relief from constipation. The type of fiber in raisins is considered insoluble fiber, because it takes in water and gains volume in that way. Besides reducing constipation, raisins can also help to stop loose stools, again by absorbing the liquid of loose stools and reducing the frequency and unpredictability of diarrhea.

Weight Gain: Raisins, like all dried fruits, are very good tools for gaining weight in a healthy way, since they are full of fructose and glucose and contain a lot of potential energy. Raisins form an ideal part of a diet for athletes or body builders who need powerful boosts of energy or for those who want to put on weight without accumulating unhealthy amounts of cholesterol. Their role as a healthy addition to the diet is further boosted because of the many vitamins, amino acids and minerals in raisins, such as selenium and phosphorus, which facilitate absorption of other nutrients and proteins in the body. Raisins also stimulate the efficient absorption of other proteins, vitamins, and nutrients gained from food, which improves your overall energy and immune system strength.

Cancer Prevention: Raisins have high levels of catechins, which are polyphenolic antioxidants in the blood. Antioxidants scavenge the free radicals that float around the body and wreak havoc on the organ systems and cells.  Free radicals are one of the primary, underlying factors that lead to the spontaneous growth of cancer cells, as well as the substance that can spur on metastasis. Therefore, by including raisins in your diet and increasing the level of these powerful antioxidants in your system, you can prevent cancer from forming, or slow down its progress if you have already developed a number of forms of that deadly disease.

Hypertension: For many years, some people have believed that raisins have the power to reduce blood pressure and protect the integrity of heart health, but it was only recently that experts began intensive studies on these claims. The findings, although still not absolutely definitive on how raisins reduced blood pressure, did show a positive correlation between reduced hypertension and consumption of raisins. Many of the nutrients packed into raisins are beneficial, but experts believe that it is the high level of potassium in raisins that helps with this condition. Potassium is a well-researched way to reduce the tension of blood vessels and decrease blood pressure, and the dietary fiber in raisins is also thought to affect the biochemistry of blood vessels and reduce their stiffness, which also reduces hypertension.

Diabetes: In a number of studies, raisins have been shown to lower the postprandial insulin response, which means that after eating a meal, raisins can help the spikes or plunges in insulin levels that can be so dangerous to patients with diabetes. It modulates the sugar absorption by the body, making it more even and stable, reducing the chance of health complications or emergencies for those suffering from both major types of diabetes. Raisins also help to regulate the release of leptin and ghrelin, which are the hormones responsible for telling the body when it is hungry or full. By keeping these hormones in check, people who eat raisins can improve their chances of maintaining a healthy diet and prevent overeating, which further improves chances of living comfortably with diabetes!

Anemia: Raisins contain a considerable amount of iron which directly helps in the treatment of anemia. It also contains many members of the vitamin-B complex that are essential for the formation of new blood. The high copper content in raisins also helps the formation of red blood cells.

Fever: Phenolic Phytonutrients, well known for their germicidal, antibiotic and antioxidant properties, are abundantly present in raisins and can help cure fevers by fighting viral and bacterial infections.

Eye Care: Raisins contain polyphenolic phytonutrients which have antioxidant properties.  These phytonutrients are very good for ocular health, as they protect eyes from the damage caused by free radicals (oxidants), in the form of macular degeneration, age-related weakening of vision, and cataracts. In addition to their antioxidant qualities, raisins contain significant amounts of vitamin-A, A-Beta Carotene and A-Carotenoid, all of which are essential for good ocular health.

Acidosis: Acidosis is a state of increased acidity of the blood (also known as toxicity of the blood) or of the gases in our respiratory system. The source of acids for both conditions is the stomach. This increased acidity can be very harmful for the body as it may lead to a number of health problems such as boils, skin disease, damage to the internal organs, arthritis, gout, renal calculi, hair loss, heart diseases, tumors and even cancer. Raisins are good source of potassium and magnesium, which are two of the most common components of antacids, because they are considered bases on the pH scale. These two minerals are both very effective in neutralizing the acids and thus helping to check acidosis and other related conditions.

Sexual Dysfunction: Raisins have long been  known to stimulate the libido and induce arousal, primarily due to the presence of an amino acid called Arginine, which is beneficial in treating erectile dysfunctions. Arginine also increases the levels of sperm motility, which can increase the chances of conception when engaging in sexual intercourse.  It is a common practice in India to make the bride and the groom drink a glass of milk each, boiled with raisins and added with a pinch of saffron on their wedding night. It is also recommended for those suffering from issues of sexual endurance to consume raisins regularly, and whatever beneficial sexual effects you experience will be further aided by the immediate energy boost that raisins often provide.

Bone Health: Calcium, which is the main element of our bones, is present in raisins, and these dried fruits are also one of the best sources of Boron, a micronutrient. For those of you who don’t know, a micronutrient is a nutrient required by the body in very small amount as compared to other nutrients that must be consumed daily in significant amounts. Boron is vital for proper bone formation and efficient absorption of calcium. Boron is particularly helpful in preventing osteoporosis induced by menopause in women and has been shown to be very beneficial for bones and joints. Potassium is another essential nutrient found in high levels in raisins which can help strengthen bones and promote bone growth, thereby reducing the chances of osteoporosis in all types of people.

Dental Care: Oleanolic Acid, one of the phytochemicals present in raisins, plays a crucial role in protecting your teeth against tooth decay, cavities, and teeth brittleness. It effectively prevents the growth of Streptococcus Mutans andPorphyromonas Gingivalis, two of the bacterial species that are most responsible for cavities and other dental problems. In addition, it is rich in calcium which is good for promoting dental health, as it prevents breaking or peeling away of teeth and enamel while making them stronger.

As strange as it may sound, when eating raisins, the longer they stick to your teeth, the better, because that ensures extended contact of Oleanolic Acid with the teeth, increasing the preventative powers against bacterial growth. In addition its role in bone health and osteoporosis treatment, the boron present in raisins plays a very important role in curbing the growth of oral germs as well as in promoting strong teeth.

Other Benefits: The fibers in raisins also help promote excretion of bile from the body, and it stimulates the burning of cholesterol, thereby promoting good cardiac health. Furthermore, the amount of fiber in raisins helps to literally sweep out the toxins and harmful materials in the digestive tract, which can protect people from additional intestinal diseases, and bacterial growth that is eliminated when the toxins are swept out.

All of that being said, there are a few risk factors in excessive consumption of raisins. Raisins are quite high in calories, which can increase weight gain quickly if you are not careful. You need to factor in extra caloric intake in your diet, regardless of the other benefits that small amounts of raisins can give you. Raisins also have high levels of triglycerides due to their high content of fructose (triglycerides are byproducts of the body metabolizing fructose). High levels of triglycerides can increase your chances of developing diabetes, coronary heart disease, and fatty liver cancer. If you have other risk factors, than be careful adding too many raisins into your diet!

How To Play Basketball

How To Play Basketball

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Basketball is a sport played by two teams of five players on a rectangular court. The objective is to shoot a ball through a hoop 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter and 10 feet (3.048 m) high mounted to a backboard at each end. Basketball is one of the world's most popular and widely viewed sports.

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If you want to play basket you must learn the basic first. The first basic is position. You must know where position you want to play. There are five position, such as point guard (often called the "1") they are usually the fastest player on the team, organizes the team's offense by controlling the ball and making sure that it gets to the right player at the right time. The second one is shooting guard (the "2") they creates a high volume of shots on offense, mainly long-ranged; and guards the opponent's best perimeter player on defences.

The third one is small forward (the "3") they often primarily responsible for scoring points via cuts to the basket and dribble penetration on defences seeks rebounds and steals, but sometimes plays more actively. The forth one is Power forward (the "4") they are usually plays offensively often with their back to the basket on defences, plays under the basket (in a zone defences) or against the opposing power forward (in man-to-man defences). The last one is the center (the "5") uses height and size to score (on offense), to protect the basket closely (on defences), or to rebound.

The second basic is learn how to shooting. Shooting is the act of attempting to score points by throwing the ball through the basket, methods varying with players and situations. Typically, a player faces the basket with both feet facing the basket. A player will rest the ball on the fingertips of the dominant hand (the shooting arm) slightly above the head, with the other hand supporting the side of the ball. The two most common shots is set-shot and the jump-shot. Another common shot is called the lay-up. This shot requires the player to be in motion toward the basket, and to "lay" the ball "up" and into the basket.

Lastly, there are the most basic how to play the basketball. There are also many basic but if want in detail go to this website by clicking here. You also can cheak this video to learn how to shooting in the basketball.

Reference:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basketball#/media/File:Basketball_positions.svg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Xp2cdiTxhg#t=20

WHY TUN DR. MAHATHIR MOHAMAD BECOME SUCCESSFUL AND AN INFLUENTIAL LEADER.

          Malaysia’s development has improved leaps and bounds in the last 55 years of independence. With our short history, we were given the privilege to be under the command of 5 previous Prime Ministers. Now sky scrapers proudly graze our skies, with our planes touching down at our own Kuala Lumpur International Airport. Malaysians are also gifted with an education system that has contributed a significant impact on our citizens. Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad played an important role in improving Malaysia status and image to both the citizens and foreigners. He was an individual who had a visionary mind and was someone who was always trying to improve Malaysia for its citizen.

          Tun Dr Mahathir was famous for his visionary mind that had no limit. One of the main reasons he was a good leader and adored by his people was his innovative ideas on improving the lives of the Malaysian people. He launched Vision 2020 in 1991 as a step to familiarize the citizens of Malaysia with the future he planned for the country. Vision 2020 was a thirty-year plan of the steps needed to be taken by Malaysians to ensure the rapid development of the country that was stemmed by none other than Tun Dr Mahathir himself. According to him, in order for Malaysians to proceed towards its goals, the citizens of Malaysia were to face nine challenges. Not only that, Vision 2020 was also used to establish a single, united Malaysian nation that would unite our multi-racial citizens. With Vision 2020, Tun Dr Mahathir also develop a plan to build a symbol for the nation by constructing the World’s tallest building. The creation of the Petronas Twin towers started on 1992 and was completed in 1997. The Petronas Twin Towers came to be the tallest from 1997 until 2003. With his ties with Petronas, Tun Dr Mahathir urged Petronas to reach out abroad to secure future petroleum supplies.

          During his time, Tun Dr Mahathir also reached out to improve the development of the science and technology sector in Malaysia. He had previously said that he did not want Malaysia to be left behind in the new IT-based industries and business.(Tun Dr Mahathir, 2002) Thus, a Japanese business consultant, Kenichi Ohmae had helped him to understand the rapidly unfolding developments of the science and technology sector. As a result, Tun Dr Mahathir had decided to build Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) situated at Cyberjaya. According to Tun Dr Mahathir (2011), the range of industries using information and conducting research on information-based technology and its applications, together with various other businesses based on information technology and telecommunications, would be located. Moreover, science and technology has been emphasized in the Vision 2020. Malaysians have to start innovating and developing on our own, not just be passive recipients and consumers according to Tun Dr Mahathir, 2011. Additionally, we have to stand alongside other creative nations and be leaders in scientific discovery and technological innovation. (Mahathir, 2011, p.500)

          Last but not least, Tun Dr Mahathir had also greatly contributed to the Malaysian education system. He had managed to introduce Science and Mathematics to be taught in English (PPSMI) for students from primary schools until secondary school. Even though this program did not pan out as planned, but it still had managed to leave a remarkable value on the importance of learning English to Malaysian citizens. It also had manage to open the eyes of teenagers of the important role of English has in the field of science and technology. According to Tun Dr Mahathir, science in particular changes and advances rapidly. That is why good command in English would assist greatly on Malaysians to keep up with the rapid development. Moreover, most area of modern life applies knowledge using the English language. In addition, Tun Dr Mahathir wants everyone to study in one type of school so he makes Government National Secondary School as well-equipped and attractive.

          In a nutshell, Tun Dr Mahathir has proven himself as a worthy leader. With his visionary mind and brilliant ideas he played an important role in improving the science and technology sector in Malaysia. He was also responsible in improving our education system. Through the years, Tun Dr Mahathir is now remembered most for his achievement on making Malaysia better place through Vision 2020, which has become not only his dream but a dream for the whole nation.  

PCOS

            Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is also called hyper androgenic an ovulation (HA) or stein-leventhal syndrome is a set of symptoms due to a hormone imbalance in women. It can cause problems with your periods and make it difficult to get pregnant. PCOS is a common endocrine system disorder among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have enlarged ovaries that contain small collections of fluid called follicles which is located in each ovary seen during an ultrasound exam.

            The cause of PCOS is unknown. The experts think that several factors, including genetics could be a play role. Women with PCOS are most likely to have a mother or sister with PCOS. A main underlying problem with PCOS is a hormonal imbalance. In women with PCOS, the ovaries make more androgens which are the male hormones. They start making slightly more androgens and may cause to stop ovulating, get acne, and grow extra facial body hair. Researches also think insulin may be linked to PCOS. Insulin is a hormone that controls the change of sugar, starches, and other food into energy for the body to use or store. Many women with PCOS have too much insulin in their bodies because they problems using it. Excess insulin appears to increase production of androgen.

            The symtoms of PCOS is most of women start having irregular or infrequent periods within three or four years of starting to menstruate. About half the women affected by this condition also gain weight and have excessive hair growth to varying degrees. If you have PCOS, you may suffer from irregular or non-existent periods, very light or very heavy bleeding during your period, mild to moderate abdominal discomfort, excessive hair growth on your face, chest and lower abdomen, acne, infertile and overweight.

            PCOS is treated when the doctor may give you some lifestyle advice, about weight control and exercise and will prescribe treatment based on how severe your symptoms are whether you want to have children or not. Women who do not want to get pregnant can use contraceptive pills or other drugs to correct hormone imbalances. Hormone treatments will regulate your menstrual cycle and may cut down on abnormal hair growth and acne. Your doctor may also prescribe creams that help control excess facial hair and creams or drugs to treat acne.

Drugs used in fertility treatment, such as clomifene, tamoxifen and gonadotrophins that can help women with PCOS who want to get pregnant. If you are overweight, your doctor will advise lifestyle changes before trying fertility drugs. Even a modest weight loss can help your insulin levels get nearer to normal and get ovulation going again, if it has stopped. Losing weight before you conceive can reduce your risk of developing gestational diabetes during
your pregnancy. 

Surgery can help some women to conceive if they have not responded to fertility drugs. The surgeon uses a technique called laparascopic ovarian drilling (LOD)  to destroy the tissue on the ovaries that is producing testosterone. The effects are often temporary, but LOD can improve the hormone imbalance and the ovulation cycle long enough for the women to conceive. LOD is as effective as a treatment for infertility as the fertility drug gonadotrophin, with the advantage that it does’nt increase the risk of multiple pregnancy.

Insulin-sensitising drugs (ISDs), such as metformin, are now being used by specialists as treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome. Many PCOS women who didn’t initially respond to a fertility drug responded to it after treatment with an insulin-promoting drug, but more evidence is needed that ISDs work before this treatment becomes widespread. Metformin is also sometimes used by specialists as a treatment for infertility in women PCOS, although the evidence that it really works is contradictory and it has some unpleasant side effects, such as nausea and vomiting.

You can't prevent PCOS, which is probably genetically inherited. Early diagnosis and treatment is the best way to control PCOS symptoms. If your periods are irregular or non-existent, see your doctor and use whatever prescribed medical treatments she suggests regulating your menstrual cycle. In addition, tell your doctor if you have any other unexpected symptoms. It is clear that weight is a significant trigger, and women with PCOS who are overweight can reverse their symptoms through weight loss. 

this picture is taken from Google

this picture is taken from Google

the different between the normal ovary and PCOS ovary

this picture is taken from Google

abnormal hair growth

this picture is taken from Google

this picture is taken from Google

this picture is taken from Google

this picture is taken from Google

the ultrasound scan 

this picture is taken from Google

acne

this picture is taken from Google

this picture is taken from Google

SPORT AND GAMES

Games and sports keep one physically and mentally fit. They keep one away from diseases relating to heart, obesity, mental stress an sleeplessness. They instill in the player a spirit of self-confidence, self-reliance, discipline, justice, fair play and patriotism. games provide us with recreation and enjoyment.
   Games are very essential for students but they are neglected in schools. Even parents do not have high opinion about games and they want their children to devote more time to studies. India lacks funds, and proper training facilities are not provided to the players. Sports bring rich dividends to sportsmen. The government has formulated a New National Sports Policy. Effective measures should be taken to popularize, and encourage participation in games and sports.
   They not only help us to maintain good health but also foster friendship and good behaviour.Many people think that the aim of sports and games is to win gold medals in olympic games.That is not at all important.what is important is that every boy and every girl in our country should be interested in sports and games.Being interested in games does not mean merely watching other people play games.When all our school students and college students take part in sport and games,they will be healthy and active.
   Examples of sports and games sport facilities are fields and installations designed for participating in sports and staging competitions.Then,track and field this sport together some events which are races,speed walking,marathon,jumps,shot put,combined events.Motor sport are sorts characterized by driving a motorized vehicle such as a race car,motorcycle,snowmobile or personal watercraft.Car racing are speed event in which competitions driving race cars must make a predetermined number of laps around a track.Motorcycling are conpetitions involving motorcycles whose engine cylinder size is large than 125 cubic centimeters.Snowmobile are motorized vehicle with a track and skis for moving rapidly on snow.Personal watercraft are motorized boat that moves quickly on water.
   Effective measures should be taken to ensure people's active participation in games. The government should evolve a long-term national sports policy. Children should be informed about the advantages of games. They should be made to play games regularly. Training facilities for various games should be introduced. The existing training facilities should be upgraded and expanded. Selection of players for national and international games should be fair. Participation in sports and games will improve the overall health of the nation and its citizens.

Badminton Games Can Help People To Maintain And Improve The Aspect Of Our Lives Skill

Today, people often argue that playing badminton are only important for physical health. In my opinion badminton are always important for physical and psychological heatlh, although some sports are special for develop mental skills and others physical skills both can represented an opportunity to develop social features.

    Firstly, What is the physical benefits with playing badminton? According to NurtiStrategy, a 155 pound individual will burn approximately 317 calories per hour with playing the badminton. That means playing badminton frequently can help to increase your level of physical fitness to  improves coordination, flexibility and balance because of the agility that is required to aim correctly and move to hit the birdie when it comes to your side of the court. The actions required to play badminton also help to exercise the gluteus maximus, abdominal and dorsal muscles, and to reinforce the joints. The game can help to improve endurance, as it is a form of aerobic exercise. For example, you will be moving quickly on the court and  your heart  rate is up and it will help you to burn the calories.

     Secondly, Why badminton can give psychological benefits ? Because badminton promotes physical fitness, it can helps the people to reduce stress and anxiety. Exercise increases endorphins, which are the brain is feel good neurotransmitters, and has also been found to improve mood and sleep. Badminton is also likely to put you in a good mood because it is a social activity. You will need at least one opponent, but you can also play with a teammate and two other opponents. The social interactions of a game, combined with feel good endorphins, will result in positive feelings after a session on the court. For example, if you play outside during a morning, you will have the added bonus of vitamin D exposure from the sun as well.

      In addition, badminton is an easy hobby to adopt. Many cities have special badminton clubs that anyone can join. If you already belong to a gym, check to see if there are badminton courts in the facility. As badminton grows in popularity, more and more gyms are adding courts to their lists of membership perks. If you do not belong to a gym, you also have the option. For example, you can  buy a badminton set, which usually includes rackets, a net and birdies. The set can be constructed anywhere  in your backyard, or in a park.     

     Last but not least, badminton also need to taking precautions to play. It is also like any physical activity and badminton must be played with carefully. Because of the quick nature of the game, make sure you protect your ankles, which are easy to sprain when moving quickly. Individuals with tendinitis and contusions should not participate in the game, and everyone who plays should be aware that they may experience soreness in the shoulders and deltoid muscles after an intense game.      
     
      Finally, badminton games that have many benefits about there and it is help to develop social, mental, psychological and physical skills. Therefore the badminton is a good games because that can help to maintain and improve the aspect of our lives skill.